Illustration-6: Explain the fact that a sma amount of Nal catalyzes the general reactie RCI + RO-Nat - ROR + NaCl

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Sol: With ( I^{-} ) the overall reaction occurs in two steps each of which is faster than the uncatalysed reactio Step ( 1: mathrm{RCl}+mathrm{I}^{-} longrightarrow mathrm{RI}+mathrm{Cl}^{-} ) This step is faster because ( I^{-}, ) a soft base has mo nucleophilicity than ( mathrm{OR}^{-} ), a hard base Step ( 2: mathrm{RI}+mathrm{RO}: longrightarrow mathrm{ROR}+mathrm{I}^{-} ) This step is faster because ( I^{-} ) is a better leaving group than C

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